Mixture definition:-
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castor oil emulsion formulation uses
A mixture is a liquid preparation containing one or more soluble or insoluble ingredients, meant for oral administration or internal use.
What Are the Classifications of Mixtures?
- Simple (soluble) mixture:- It contains only water soluble ingredients.
Example – Carminative mixture.
2. Diffusible mixture:- A diffusible mixture is one that contains insoluble solids, when shaken get uniformly suspended in a vehicle. But after some time, insoluble solids precipitate. The bottles containing such mixtures carry a level “Shake well before use”. Substances that are diffusible are Bismuth Carbonate. Bismuth subnitrate, Magnesium Oxide, Aluminum hydroxide.
Mixtures are generally given in several doses in a suitable container. But when a mixture contains a single dose, it is known as “draught” or “haustus”.
Example – Magnesium sulfate mixture.
procedure:-
ALKALI MIXTURE
Potassium Citrate 1 mg
Sodium bicarbonate 1 mg
Syrup simplex 4 ml
Aqua ad 15 ml
M ft mist one, send 3 such
Take one dose 3 times a day after meals.
Procedure for making 3 doses:-
- Weigh 3 gms of Potassium citrate and 3 gms of Sodium bicarbonate(NaHCO,) in a paper.
- Make powder with the help of pestle in a mortar.
- Measure 12 ml of syrup simplex in a measuring glass.
- Transfer this into ounce measuring glass and mix properly.
- Add more water to make it 45 ml.
- Transfer the mixture into a dispensing bottle (dispensing bottle should be clean).
Role of different ingredients:-
(a) Potassium Citrate:- It is the basis (the main drag). It gets converted into potassium bicarbonate in the liver. It is alkaline in nature. It is the main alkalizing agent.
(b) Sodium bicarbonate:- It is an adjuvant. It is a systemic antacid. It neutralizes hydrochloric acid (HCI) in the stomach and produces Sodium Chloride (NaCl) and water with the evolution of carbon dioxide. NaHCo3 + HCl = NaCl + H₂O + Co₂
(c) Syrup Simplex:- It is a concentrated solution of sucrose. It acts as a flavauring agent. It is sweetish in nature so it masks the bitter taste of Potassium citrate.
(d) Water:- Water is a universal vehicle. It is ined to dissolve or suspend the drug’s pharmaceutical preparation to make them better applicable or more palatable.
Uses of alkali mixture:-
- In non-specific fever to combat acidenis.
- It is used along with salicylates, to prevent gastric irritation.
- It is used along with sulfonamides to prevent crystalluria and calculus formation.
- It is used in acidosis.
- In UTI to prevent the growth of microorganism like E.Coli.
Labelling the bottle:-
On the front side of the bottle in the middle third, paste a paper with the name of preparation in Capital letter underline it, then the patient’s detail as in prescription, superscription, signature and lastly initial of the Doctor in the below right comer.
On the backside of the dispensing bottle paste a dosing scale of width less than 0.5 inch.
Fit a small cork on the mouth of the bottle.
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Adverse Effects:-
- Systemic alkalosis
- Produces CO, in stomach, distension, discomfort, risk of ulcer perforation.
- Increases sodium load, may worsen oedema and CHF.
What is mixture in chemistry:-
In chemistry, a mix forms once two or a lot of substances are combined specified every substance retains its own chemical identity. Chemical bonds between the elements are neither broken nor shaped. Note that even if the chemical properties of the elements haven’t been modified, a mix might exhibit new physical properties, like boiling purpose and temperature. as an example, combining water and alcohol produces a mix that incorporates a higher boiling purpose and lower {melting purpose|freezing purpose|temperature} than alcohol (lower boiling point and better boiling point than water).